Henry Bourne Joy, a member of one of Detroit's oldest and wealthiest families, bought a Packard.

Impressed by its reliability, he visited the Packards and soon enlisted a group of investors—including Truman Handy Newberry and Russell A. On October 2, 1902, this group refinanced and renamed the New York and Ohio Automobile Company as the Packard Motor Car Company, with James Packard as president. Packard moved operations to Detroit soon after, and Joy became general manager (and later chairman of the board).

The home mechanic, looking at a can or two of R12 or R134a, may think that government concern over refrigerant is overblown.

However, CFCs like R12 have been found high in the atmosphere, where they destroy ozone (since CFCs have been regulated, the ever-widening holes in the ozone layer have been healing themselves).

Five years ago in the heat of summer, his air conditioner died — and this was well before he embarked on an all-out Deep Energy Retrofit (DER) to green his 70-year-old Cape Cod.

Packard concentrated on cars with prices starting at ,600.In addition, R134a is 1,400 times as effective at trapping heat as carbon dioxide; a few leaks from a few cars would probably not have any serious impact, but there are an estimated (by the auto industry) 400 million mobile air conditioners out there. favorite to replace R134a, is the least powerful greenhouse-gas, but requires high pressures, and is less effective.Europe is phasing out R134a due to its relationship to global warming. However, in the United States, the approved replacement is HFO-1234yf.Packard was an American luxury automobile marque built by the Packard Motor Car Company of Detroit, Michigan, United States, and later by the Studebaker-Packard Corporation of South Bend, Indiana.The first Packard automobiles were produced in 1899, and the last in 1958, with one of the last concept cars built in 1956, the Packard Predictor.An original Packard, reputedly the first manufactured, was donated by a grateful James Packard to his alma mater, Lehigh University, and is preserved there in the Packard Laboratory.Packard vehicles featured innovations, including the modern steering wheel and, years later, the first production 12-cylinder engine, adapted from developing the Liberty L-12, and air-conditioning in a passenger car.